Muslims Contributions to Medicine

Muslims Contributions to Medicine

Assalam Alaykom
In this thread I will try to post brief Biographies and theories of
famous Muslim physicians and scientists, and show their great
achievements, and present what they have added to Medicine since their
time and until these days .Some of them from an article that I have
read and some from another sources ,I will try to post a new biography
of a new physician day after day.
If you have any additional information about this topic please be generous with us and post something useful.

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INTRODUTION

written by Ghazi M. Al-Hachim, PhD


Ten centuries ago, the Muslim Empire was at its
zenith ;its various parts vying with one another in producing
intellectual giants in every branch of art and science. Many of these
great men practiced in the field of healing arts, and their works
became the basis on which modern medicine has been founded .without
them ,we would not have seen the progress that we take for granted
today in various branches of health and medicine all over the world.
These great men of thought were active in many of the branches of
medicine that are practiced today, such as ophthalmology, anatomy,
internal medicine, psychiatry and preventive medicine. It is only
nowadays that western doctors are beginning to acknowledge the debt
that is owed to these early Muslim scholars.
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1)Ibn Al-Khatib(1313-1374)

Ibn Al-Khatib was one of the earliest of these
scholars. He lived in Granada, Spain and his most famous work is on the
theory of infection:
'There are those who ask," How can we allow for possibility of infection?"
We reply that the existence of contagion is established by experience,
investigation, the evidence of the senses and trustworthy reports.
These facts create a sound argument, so that the fact of infection
becomes clear to the investigator, who notices how those in contact
with afflicted people get the disease, whereas those not in contacts
remain safe. The investigator also sees how transmission occurs through
clothing, cups, and earnings.'

To be continued

Mohammed Ibn Zakaria 'Rhazes'(841-926)

Mohammed Ibn Zakaria Alrazi was a Hakim; an alchemist and a philosopher
.In medicine ,his contributions were so significant that they can only
be compared to those of Ibn Sina .Some of his works in medicine , e.g.:
Kitab al-Mansoori, Al-Hawi, Kitab al-Mulooki and kitab al-Judari wa
al-Hasabah, earned him everlasting fame. Kitab al-Mansuri, which was
translated into Latin in the 15th century AD, was in ten volumes and
dealt exhaustively with Graeco-Arab medicine. Some of its volumes were
published separately in Europe. Al-Judari wal Hasabah was the first
treatise on smallpox, measles, scarlet fever and chicken-pox, and is
largely based on Razi's original contributions .It was translated into
various European languages , and was the first to describe clinical
differences between chicken-pox and measles so vividly that nothing
since has been added .His book on children's diseases is regarded as
the first of its kind

3)Abul Qassim Al-Zahrawi 'Albucasis'

He is best known for his breakthroughs In surgery
as well as for his famous Medical Encyclopedia called Al-Tsrif- thirty
volumes covering different aspects of medical science .This contained
three books on surgery , which describe in detail various surgical
procedures including cauterization ,amputation in the cases of gangrene
and cancer ,lithotomy , craniotomy ,removal of stones from the bladder
, dissection ,midwifery , and surgery of the eye ,ear and throat . He
perfected several delicates operations, including amputation, and
instrumental delivery of foetus in childbirth.

Al-Tasrif
was first translated by Gherado de Cremona into Latin in the Middle
ages. The book contains around one hundred diagrams and illustrations
of surgical instruments, in use or developed by him, and comprised a
part of medical curriculum in European countries for many countries.
Al-Zahrawi was also a dental expert and his book contains sketches of
various instruments used .in addition to a description of various
dental operations .He discussed how to rectify non-aligned teeth, and
how to prepare artificial teeth to replace them

Ali Ibn Rabban Al-Tabari(838-970)
Ali
Ibn Rabban Al-Tabari wrote Firdous al-Hikmaht, the first ever medical
encyclopedia that incorporated all the branches of medical science.
This encyclopedia dealt with the ideology of medicine ;detailed the
organs of the human body, gave rules for keeping good health and gave a
comprehensive account of certain muscular diseases .It contained advice
on preventative and curative diets. It also held accounts of disease
causation; diseases of the head and brain; eye, nose, mouth and teeth;
muscular diseases; diseases of the chest, throat and lungs; the
abdomen, liver gallbladder spleen and intestines; fever ; and
diagnostics through the examination of pulse and urine.

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Abu Ali al-Husain ibn Abdallah ibn Sina
( Avicenna )
(980 - 1037)



Abu Bakr Mohammad Ibn Zakariya al-Razi
[864-930 AD]

Albucassis (Al-Zaharwi),

some pisctuers of his instruments which added a lot to the field of medicine

Source: http://imanway.com/en