EXISTENCE OF ALLAAH, HIS LORDSHIP (OVER ALL CREATION), HIS

Say
(O Muhammad): He is Allaah, (the) One, Allaah, the Self-Sufficient
Master (Whom all creatures need, He neither eats nor drinks). He begets
not nor is He begotten. And there is none co-equal or comparable unto
Him."[1] He also says:"Indeed
your Lord is Allaah Who created the heavens and the earth in Six Days
and then He Istawa (rose over) the Throne (really in a manner that
suits His Majesty). He brings night as a cover over the day, seeking it
rapidly, and (He created) the sun, the moon, the stars subjected to His
Command. Blessed be Allaah, the Lord of all the world!"[2] He also says:"Allaah
is He, Who raised the heaven without pillars that you can see. Then He
Istawa (rose above) the Throne (really in a manner that suits His
Majesty). He has subjected the sun and the moon (to continue going
round)! Each running( its course) for a term appointed. He regulates
all affairs, explaining the Aayaat (proofs, evidences, verses, lessons,
signs, revelations, etc.) in detail, that you may believe with
certainty in the meeting with your Lord. And it is He who spread out
the earth, and placed therein firm mountains and rivers and of every
kind of fruits He made[3] in pairs. He brings the night as a cover over the day…" until He says: "Allaah
knows what every female bears and how much the womb falls short (of
their time or number) or exceed. Everything with Him is in due
proportion. All-Knower of the unseen and the seen, the Most Great, the
Most-High."3Allaah also says:"Say
(O Muhammad): Who is the Lord of the heavens and the earth? Say: (It
is) Allaah. Say: Have you then taken (for worship) protectors other
than Him, such as have no power either for benefit or for harm to
themselves? Say: Is the blind equal to the one who sees? Or darkness
equal to light? Or do they assign Allaah partners who created the like
of His creation, so that the creation (which they made and His
creation) seemed alike to them? Say: Allaah is the Creator of all
things. He is the One, the Irresistible."[4]While establishing for mankind His signs as evidences and proofs, He says:
“And
from among His signs are the night and the day, and the sun and the
moon. Prostrate not to the sun nor the moon, but prostrate to Allaah
who created them, if you really worship Him. But if they are too proud
(to do so), then those who are with your Lord (angels) glorify Him
night and day, and never are they tired. And among His signs (in this),
that you see the earth barren, but when We send down water (rain) to
it, it is stirred to life and growth (of vegetations). Verily, He Who
gives it life, sure is Able to give life to the dead (on the Day of Resurrection). Indeed He is Able to do all things.”[5]

He also says: “And
among His signs is the creation of the heavens and the earth, and the
differences of your languages and colours. Verily, in that are indeed
signs for men of sound knowledge. And among His signs are the sleep
that you take by night and by day…”[6]While describing Himself with attributes of beauty and perfection He says: “Allaah!
None has the right to be worshipped but He. The Ever-Living, the One
Who sustains and protects all that exists. Neither slumber nor sleep
overtakes Him. To Him belongs whatsoever is in the heavens and
whatsoever is in the earth. Who is he that can intercede with Him
except with His permission? He knows what happens to them (His
creatures) in this world and what will happen to them in the hereafter.
And they will never compass anything of His knowledge except that which
He wills.”[7]He also says: “The
Forgiver of sins, the Acceptor of repentance, the Stern in punishment,
the Bestower (of favours). None has the right to be worshipped but He.
To Him is the final return.”[8]He – may His praise be exalted- also says: “He
is Allaah, besides Whom none has the right to be worshipped, the King,
the Holy, the One free from all defects, the Giver of security, the
Watcher over His creatures, the All-Mighty, the Compeller, the Supreme.
Glory be to Allaah! (High is He) above all that they associate as
partners with Him.”[9]
This
wise and Omnipotent Lord who made himself known to His slaves and
established for them His signs and proofs and described Himself with
attributes of perfection had prophetic ordainments, human wisdom and
nature testify to His existence, to His Lordship and being the only one
having the right to be worshipped. I will –God willing- show that to
you in the following pages.
As for proofs of His existence and Lordship, they are:

ONE: CREATION OF THIS UNIVERSE AND ITS WONDERFUL DESIGN O
man! All this universe that surrounds you; the heavens, the stars, the
galaxies and the earth that is spread in which there are neighbouring
tracts out of which different plants grow bearing all fruits, and on
which you find all creatures in pairs… this universe did not create
itself and could never create itself. It must then have a creator. Who
then is that creator who created it in this wonderful design and
perfection and made it a sign for those who can see save Allaah the
One, the Subduer Whom there is no Lord or deity worthy of worship
beside Him. He says: “Were
they created by nothing or were they themselves the creators? Or did
they create the heavens and the earth? Nay, but they have no firm
belief.”[10]These two verses imply three questions:1- Were they created from nothing?2- Did they create themselves?3- Did they create the heavens and the earth?
If
their creation was not accidental and they had not created themselves
or created the heavens and the earth; it should then be affirmed that
there exists a creator who created them as well as the heavens and the
earth. That Creator is Allaah, the One, the Subduer.
TWO: THE NATURE All
creatures are naturally inclined to believe in the existence of the
Creator; to affirm that He is greater and mightier than all things.
This inclination is more well-rooted in the nature than elementary
mathematics and does not need to be proved by any evidence except for
him who has an abnormal nature; a nature that has been exposed to
circumstances that turn it away from what it should admit.[11] Allaah says:“That
(Islaamic Monotheism) is the nature upon which Allaah has created
mankind. Let there be no change in Allaah's (law of) creation. That is
the straight religion.”[12]The
Messenger of Allaah said: “Every child is born with natural inclination
to Islaamic Monotheism and it is his parents who make him a Jew, a
Christian or a Magian[13]
just as the animal gives birth to its young whole, wherein you find no
mutilation.” Then Aboo Hurayrah (who is the narrator of this hadeeth)
said: “Recite if you like (Allaah’s words): “That (Islaamic
Monotheism) is the nature upon which Allaah has created mankind. Let
there be no change in Allaah's (law of) creation. That is the straight
religion.'”[12]
He
also said: “Verily, my Lord commanded me to teach you what you do not
know of what He has taught me today: ‘All money that I endow a slave
with is lawful (for him). I created my slaves naturally inclined to
Islaamic Monotheism and it were the devils who came to them, led them
away from their religion, made forbidden for them what I made lawful
and enjoined on them to associate partners with Me in worship of which
I did not send any proof.’ ”[12]
THREE: CONSENSUS OF ALL PEOPLE All past and modern nations are in consensus that this universe has a creator who is Allaah the
Lord of all the worlds, that He is the Creator of the heavens and the
earth and that He has no partner among His creatures as He does not
have a partner in His Sovereignty.No
belief has ever been reported from any of the past nations that their
false deities took part with Allaah in the creation of the heavens and
the earth. Rather, they all believed that it was Allaah Who created
them and their gods, that there was no creator or sustainer besides Him
and that He alone owns the power to benefit or harm.[16] Allaah informs us in the following verses of the idolaters affirmation of His Lordship and guardianship: “If
your were to ask them: ‘Who has created the heavens and the earth and
subjected the sun and the moon?’ They will surely reply: ‘Allaah’. How
then are they deviating (as polytheists and disbelievers)? Allaah
enlarges the provision for whom He wills of His slaves and straightens
it for whom (He wills). Verily, Allaah is the All-Knower of everything.
If you were to ask them: ‘Who sends down water (rain) from the sky and
gives life therewith to earth after its death?’ They will surely reply:
‘Allaah’. Say: ‘All the praises and thanks be to Allaah!’ Nay! Most of
them have no sense.”[12]
“And
indeed if you ask them, ‘Who has created the heavens and the earth?’
They will surely say: ‘The All-Mighty, the All-Knower created them.’ ”[12]

UR: THE REASONHuman
reason inevitably confirms that this universe has a great Creator; for
the sound reason agrees that this universe is a created thing that did
not bring itself to being, hence, it must have an originator.Also,
man knows that he falls into crises and afflictions and when he is
unable to prevent them or remove them, he faces the heavens with his
heart and seeks for His Lord’s aid to remove his distress even though
he may denounce his Lord and worship his idols in his normal days. This
is an undisputable fact. Even the animal raises his head up and looks
at the sky whenever it is visited by an affliction. The Almighty Allah
informs us that man, whenever he is afflicted with harm, hastens to his
Lord and asks Him to remove the harm. Allaah says, “And
when some hurt touches man, he cries to his Lord (Allaah Alone) turning
to Him in repentance, but when He bestows a favour upon him from
Himself, he forgets that for which he cried for before and he sets up
rivals to Allaah.” He also says about the idolaters: “He
it is Who enable you to travel through land and sea, till when you are
in the ships and they sail with them with a favourable wind, and they
are glad therein, then comes a stormy wind and the waves come to them
from all sides and they think that they are circled therein, they
invoke Allaah, making their faith pure for Him Alone, saying: ‘If You
(Allaah) deliver us from this, we shall truly be of the grateful. But
when He delivered them, behold! They rebel (disobey Allaah) in the
earth wrongfully. O mankind! Your rebellion (disobedience to Allaah) is
only against your own selves, - a brief enjoyment of this worldly life,
then (in the end) unto Us is your return and We shall inform you that
which you used to do.’ ”[19]He also says: “And
when a wave covers them like shades (i.e., like clouds or the mountains
of seawater) they invoke Allaah, making their invocations for Him only.
But when he brings them safe to land, there are among them those that
stop in the middle (between belief and disbelief). But none denies Our
Signs but every perfidious ungrateful.”[20]This
Lord who brought this universe to existence, created man in the best
form, embedded in his nature servitude and submission to Him, subjected
human reason to His Lordship and His exclusive worthiness to be
worshipped. It is Allaah Whom all nations unanimously testify to His
guardianship… as He should inevitably be One in His Lordship and
worthiness to be worshipped. As He has no partner in creating His
creatures, He should also have no partner in His worthiness to be
worshipped. There are numerous evidences for this,* some of which are:1- There
is only in this universe one God Who is the creator and the sustainers
of all. None brings harm or benefit except Him. Had there been any
other god besides Him, that god would have had his own work, creation
and command and none of both would have allowed another to share the
creation with him. Hence, one of them must have overpowered and subdued
the other. In that case, the subdued could not have been a god and the
Subduer should be the real God with whom none can share the right to be
worshipped just as none shares with Him His guardianship and lordship.
Allaah says:“No
son (or offspring or children) did Allaah beget, nor is there any god
along with Him; (if there had been many gods), behold, each god would
have taken away what he had created, and some would have tried to
overcome others! Glorified be Allaah above all that they attribute to
Him.”[21]
2- None
deserves to be worshipped but Allaah Who created the heavens and the
earths; for, man seeks to gain the favour of the Lord Who brings him
benefit and prevents harm, evils and calamities from him and none but
the one who owns the heavens and the earth is capable of doing all
these. Let those who are searching for the truth read: “Say (O
Muhammad) (to those polytheists, pagans, etc.) ‘Call upon those whom
you assert (to be associate gods) besides Allaah, they possess not even
the weight of an atom (or small ant), - either in the heavens or on the
earth nor have they any share in either, nor there is for Him any
supporter from among them. Intercession with Him profits not, except
for him whom He permits.’ ”[22]
These verses and others sever heart’s affinity to other things besides Allaah through four factors: One:
That those whom the polytheists worship possess not even the weight of
an atom with Allaah, and he who possesses not a weight of an atom
cannot benefit nor harm and therefore, is not worthy of being
worshipped or being taken as Allaah’s associate in worship. It is
Allaah alone Who owns them and controls them.Two: That they possess nothing in the heavens and the earth and they do not even have an atom weight of share in them.Three:
Allaah has no helper among His creatures. Rather, He is the One who
helps them in what is of benefit for them and drives away from them
what harms them. For, He completely has no need of them; it is they who
are rather who are in absolute need of Him.Four:
That these so-called associates are not capable of interceding with
Allaah on behalf of their followers and they will not even be given
permission to do so. Allaah does not give permission to intercede
except to His friends, and His friends also can not intercede except on
behalf of the one whom Allaah is pleased with his sayings, deeds and
belief.[23]3- Systematic
arrangement and precise execution of the affairs of this universe is
the strongest indication that its controller is one Lord, one (King),
beside Whom there is no other creator. As it is impossible for this
universe to have two creators, so it is impossible for it to have two
Lords. Allaah says: “Had there been therein (in the heavens and the earth) gods besides Allaah, then verily both would have been ruined.”[24]Had
it been assumed that there was in the heaven and the earth another god
besides Allaah, they would have been ruined. Because, had there been
another god besides Allaah, both would need to be autocratic and have
right of free disposal. That would have then lead to contention and
fighting and the ruin of the heaven and the earth would have occurred
as a result. It is impossible for the body to have two controlling
souls; if that happens the body will be destroyed – how then can it be
imagined that this universe which is greater, should have two lords?4- Consensus
of the Prophets and Messengers: All nations agree that the Prophets and
Messengers are the wisest, most intelligent, best in morality, most
sincere, most knowledgeable of what Allaah wants and the
most rightly guided of all people, because, they received revelation
from Allaah and conveyed it to people. And all Prophets and Messengers
– right from Adam to the last Prophet who is Muhammad, peace be upon
them all – have all called their peoples to the belief in Allaah and
abstention from worshipping anything besides Him and that He is the
only True Lord. Allaah says: “And
We did not send any Messenger before you (O Muhammad) but We inspired
him saying: None has the right to be worshipped but I (Allaah), so
worship Me (Alone).”[25]He also says about Nooh – Peace be upon him – that he told his people, “That you worship none but Allaah, surely, I fear for you the torment of a painful Day.”[26]He – may He be glorified– also says about the last of all Messengers, Muhammad, “Say
(O Muhammad): It is revealed to me that your God is one God. Will you
then submit to His Will (become Muslims and stop worshipping others
besides Allaah)?”[27]This
God is the One who wonderfully created the universe from naught; He
created man in the best form and perfected his creation and impressed
in his nature the affirmation of His Lordship and His exclusive right
to be worshipped. He lets him have peace of mind through his submission
to Him and following His Path and He ordained it on his soul not to be
at rest until it surrenders to its Creator and be in continuous contact
with Him. He also makes it impossible to contact with Him except
through His Straight Path which the honourable Prophets conveyed. He
gave man intelligence which only becomes upright and functions properly
when he believes in Allaah, Glory be to Him.When
one has an upright nature, a peaceful soul and a believing heart, one
achieves happiness, security and peace in this world and the hereafter.
But when man refuses all that, he will live in the alleys of this world
disorganised and divided among its gods, ignorant as to who can benefit
him or prevent harm from him. It is in order that true faith may be
established in the heart and the ugliness of disbelief may be exposed
that Allaah makes a parable – for parables bring meanings closer to
understanding. He makes a parable of a man whose affair is divided
between numerous gods and a man who worships his Lord alone. He, may He
be glorified, says, “Allaah
puts forth a similitude: a (slave) man belonging to many partners (like
those who worship others along with Allaah) disputing with one another,
and a (slave) man belonging to one master (like those who worship
Allaah Alone). Are those two equal in comparison? All the praises and
thanks be to Allaah! But most of them know not.”[28]Allaah
likens the slave who is a polytheist to a slave who is owned by
different associates and over whom they all contend with each other. He
is divided among them and everyone of them directs him and assigns
responsibilities to him. He is confused among them and is always
unstable. He is unable to satisfy their different and contradicting
desires that tear his energy and directions apart.He
also likens the slave who is a monotheist to a slave who is owned by a
single master. He knows what his master wants and the assignments he
gives him. He is thereby comfortable and settled on a clear path. Both
of these two slaves cannot be equal. For, one submits to a single
master and enjoys the pleasure of uprightness, knowledge and certainty
and the other one submits to different and disputing masters and is
thereby punished and distressed. He is not stable on a condition and
cannot please even one of them let alone all of them.After
proofs on the existence of Allaah, His Lordship and His exclusive right
to be worshipped have become clear, we should then acquaint ourselves
with His creation of the universe and man and know His wisdom behind
that. ByDr. Muhammad bin Abdullaah As-SuhaymTranslated byAbdur-Raafi Adewale Imaam